Appendix
Symbols and Abbreviations for AJBE
TERM / UNIT OF
MEASUREMENT
SYMBOL /
ABBREVIATION
altitude alt.
ampere A
ångström (0.1 µm) Å
calorie cal
candela cd
centimeter cm
circa (Latin: approximately) ca. or ca
cubic centimeter cm3
cubic meter m3
cubic millimeter mm3
day d
degree Celsius ºC
degrees of freedom df or v
et alia (Latin: and others) et al.
et cetera (Latin: and others) etc.
exempli gratia (Latin: for
example) e.g.
figure, figures Fig., Figs.
gram g
greater (more) than … >
hectare ha
hertz (frequency) Hz
hour h
id est (Latin: that is) i.e.
joule J
Kelvin K
kilo- k
kilocalorie kcal
kilogram kg
kilometer km
latitude lat.
less than … <
liter l or L
lumen lm
lux lx
maximum max.
meter m
micro- µ
microgram µg
microliter µl or µL
micrometer µm
milli- m
milligram mg
milliliter ml or mL
millimeter mm
minimum min.
minute (time) min
molar (concentration) M, mol Lor
mol/L
mole mol
month mo
nano- n
nanometer nm
not (statistically) significant NS or ns
number No.
number (sample size) = n =
parts per million ppm
percent %
plus or minus ±
probability p
revolutions per minute rpm
second (time) s
species (singular / plural) sp. / spp.
square centimeter cm2
square meter m2
square millimeter mm2
standard deviation SD
versus vs. or v.
volume vol.
volt V
watt W
week wk
weight wt
year y
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